“P&I Club Insurance” (Protection and Indemnity Club Insurance) is a marine insurance which provides cover to shipowners for third-party liabilities encountered in the commercial operation of entered vessels. P&I Club Insurance is designed to complement a vessel’s hull and machinery insurance and related covers. What does the P&I Club cover? This type of insurance, which...
The working hours of seafarers are regulated by the International Labour Organization (ILO) Maritime Labour Convention (MLC), 2006. According to the convention, the maximum hours of work for seafarers should not exceed: 14 hours in any 24-hour period 72 hours in any seven-day period 14 days in any consecutive 28-day period Seafarers must also be...
Debt restructuring is a process that allows a debtor (an individual or a business) to modify the terms of their existing debt obligations in order to make them more manageable and sustainable. The goal of debt restructuring is to help the debtor avoid default and bankruptcy while also enabling creditors to recover as much of...
Arbitration is a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in which the parties to a dispute agree to have their case decided by an arbitrator or a panel of arbitrators, rather than going to court. The decision made by the arbitrator is binding on the parties involved and is enforceable in court. Arbitration is often...
Maritime pollution refers to the contamination of the ocean, seas, and other bodies of water by pollutants that are introduced by human activities related to maritime transport, offshore drilling, fishing, and other activities. Types of maritime pollution can include: Oil spills – accidental or intentional releases of crude oil or refined petroleum products into the...
http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/07/20180706-13.htm The Freight Forwarder By-law was published in the Official Gazette 30470 and entered into force on 06 July 2018.
World Oceans Day is a global day of ocean celebration and collaboration for a better future. It has been celebrated officially every 8 June, since 2008. World Oceans Day 2018 theme is preventing plastic pollution and encouraging solutions for a healthy ocean. Click for detailed information. http://www.worldoceansday.org/
IATA stands for the International Air Transport Association. It is a trade association that represents and serves the airline industry worldwide. IATA was established in 1945 and is headquartered in Montreal, Canada. The association has over 290 member airlines from 120 countries, representing around 82% of total air traffic. The main role of IATA is...
http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/01/20180108-1.htm The Road Transport By-law was published in the Official Gazette 30295 and entered into force on 08 January 2018.
